·1 ·זכרי את ג'וליאנה:~ - הסוכנות לביטחון לאומי
·1 ·זכרי את ג'וליאנה··:~
כל מי שבילה זמן כלשהו ב-NSA חייב בוודאי להיות מודע לכך שיש בו שיעור בלתי מבוטל של דמויות בלתי נשכחות. ואם יש לאדם זיכרון ארוך מספיק, ניתן להתעסק בתחביב של להיזכר בכמה מהאנשים יוצאי הדופן שנקשרו לקריפטולוגיה לאורך השנים. באוגוסט 1976 דיווחו עיתוני וושינגטון על מותה, בגיל 87, של אחת מהדמויות הלא-נפוצות הללו, ג'וליאנה. מיקוויץ. ג'וליאנה החלה את הקריירה הקריפטולוגית שלה בסוכנות הביטחון של הצבא בשנת 1946, פרשה מ-NSA ב-1963, והמשיכה כיועצת עד 1966. מכיוון שהיא בולטת במוחותיהם של רבים מאיתנו כאדם מיוחד מאוד, נראה מתאים שסיפורה יקבל יחס מיוחד. לאחר הלוויה בכנסייה האורתודוקסית הרוסית של
לאחר הלוויה בכנסייה האורתודוקסית הרוסית של סט. ג'ון הקדוש בוושינגטון, כתבתי למספר אנשים שעבדו בצמוד עם גברת מיקוויץ, ודחקתי בהם לספק אנקדוטות והתרשמויות ממנה, כך שאוכל להנציח אותה בפרסום "סוכנות הביטחון". חברים, קולגות ותלמידים לשעבר נתנו ביטוי לתרומותיהם, ומה שבא בהמשך הוא אוסף קטעים מתרומותיהם. בזמן שגברת מיקוויץ עוד הייתה בחיים, גלן נורדין,
ג'וליאנה ארנסטיין מיקוויץ נולדה ב-15 במאי 1889, באחוזת סבה "חלילה" ליד ויבורג, פינלנד, אז חלק מרוסיה. זכרונותיה מהחיים המוקדמים הללו עד גיל 15 כללו רכיבות מזחלות חורפיות על אגמים קפואים, בתים חמים מלאי צמחים, בקתות איכרים מלאות בריח מרק כרוב וחזיר, פחדים מזאבים תוך כדי שחייה באגמים, והכנות לקראת פגישה עם הצארינה. היא עברה חינוך ביתי ולמדה את השפות הגרמנית, הרוסית והאנגלית בשטף כמעט שווה במהלך השנים הללו. בשנת 1903, ג'וליאנה נכנסה לגימנסיה של סנט אן ב-"
למצוינות.
בזמן שגברת מיקוויץ עוד הייתה בחיים, גלן נורדין, קולונל בדימוס של ASA, ערך סקיצה ביוגרפית בסיועה, ולכן היה עד להרבה פרטים מחייה המוקדמים: · · . . . . . · ג'וליאנה ארנסטיין מיקוויץ נולדה ב-15 במאי,
קשורה
המהפכה הרוסית ובמיוחד עלייתם של הבולשביקים לשלטון בשנת 1919 הביאו צרות וייסורים לאנשי רכוש כמו גברת לאזארב. ג'וליאנה עזרה לה לשרוד ולשמור על חלק קטן מחפציה וכספה. למרות שרכוש מקרקעין, כגון שדות הנפט, הוחרמו, מטבעות ותכשיטים הוסתרו במקומות שונים או הופקדו ל"שמירה" בבנקים ובמוסדות אחרים.
במרץ 1920, גברת מיקוויץ וגברת לאזארב תכננו בסיוע חברים מקרב פקידים פולנים להשיג דרכונים פולניים והיתרי נסיעה לפולין. בנוסף, כדי לחזק את הכיסוי של אזרחות פולנית, הומצא סיפור שג'וליאנה אמורה להינשא לרופא פולני.
1 לאזארב השאיר את סוסיו לממשלה הרוסית. אורוות מאנגליה הוסעו לרוסיה על ידי הצי הרוסי וכל הסוסים ניתנו לצבא הרוסי - נאמר שהיו מספיק כדי לצייד גדוד של הצבא הלבן בקרבות נגד הבולשביקים.
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נקי
ו נשים יחד במבנה גדול אחד (שבתוכו), מחכים להחלפת שבויים בין פולין לרוסיה. גברת מיקוויץ זכרה את התקופה הזו כזמן שמח מלא במראות משעשעים כמו רוזנת פולנייה שמנסה לקיים את טקס הרחצה היומי שלה בדיסקרטיות בתנאי התחנה. תקופת מעצר זו הייתה גם תקופה של חרדה, מכיוון
תנאי התחנה. תקופת המעצר הזו הייתה גם תקופה של חרדה, מכיוון שג'וליאנה תפרה בגלימתה מעל 4,000,000 רובל ושטרות בנק של 250,000 רובל. היא מרחה משחה על תכשיטים יקרי ערך כדי לעמעם את הברק של האבנים ו ענדה את התכשיטים בפומבי. למרבה המזל, הבלבול ותעודות הזהות הפולניות אפשרו לג'וליאנה ו לגברת לאזארב לעזוב את רוסיה ללא בדיקה והן הגיעו לוורשה, פולין, ב-15 באפריל 1920. - מ-7.10.1926 גברת מיקוויץ השתמשה בכישרונותיה הלשוניים במגוון משרות, כגון מתורגמנית עבור הלשכה המסחרית של ארצות הברית, קונסוליית ארצות הברית, שגרירות בריטניה, הקונסול הכללי האמריקני, ונספח צבאי אמריקני, כולן מוצבות בוורשה. בשנים 1925-1926 עבדה ככתבת חוץ עבור "KOOPROLNA", קואופרטיב של איגודים חקלאיים פולנים. היא בילתה את השנים 1924-1926 בעיקר ביישוב וסגירת חשבונות אחוזת לאזארב ובעימות מתמיד למנוע מהממשלה הסובייטית החדשה להשתלט על נכסים מחוץ לרוסיה. כשחלק האחוזה קטן עקב החרמה סובייטית ושטרות הבנק הפכו חסרי ערך, גברת לאזארב הפכה תלויה לחלוטין בג'וליאנה והיא התייחסה אל גברת מיקוויץ כאל "דודתה" עד שמוות הפריד ביניהן. בקיץ 1926, גברת מיקוויץ נדרשה
בקיץ 1926, גברת מיקוויץ נדרשה על ידי ידידים לחפש עבודה קבועה אצל הנספח הצבאי של ארה"ב. נקבעה פגישה ביום משחק בייסבול (זה היה המשחק הראשון והיחיד שלה). ג'וליאנה קנתה כובע חדש עם נוצות גן עדן וחליפה לפגישה, והסנטימנט גרם לה לשמור את הכובע כל חייה: הוא היה "כובע המזל" שלה, מכיוון שהיא הייתה תחת הגנה אמריקאית. ו עבודה .... .... .... ...... הנשארת 1-3 שנים בילה עם הצבא האמריקאי
12 נקי
והייתה עדה להגעתם של חיילים נאצים. מתקופה זו היא. נזכרה שהייתה התושבת האחרונה במשרדים האמריקניים, מבצעת בגאווה את תפקידי הרישום, האריזה והאחסון, והכי חשוב, מניפה את דגל ארה"ב, בעוד חיילים גרמנים כבשו את הבניין סביבה. מהאג, ג'וליאנה ודודתה עברו לברלין
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ד. ק. .... ...... .. leaving German-occupied Athens in July 1941, Miss F Wickwilta traveled to Lisbon, Portugal, and the U.S. Attaché's office. Although there were very great difficulties in obtaining travel abroad, Juliana attempted to get visas to travel to the U.S. She frequently recounted the "miraculous intervention" of her former bosses and students among the attaché s who succeeded in getting not only visas, but loans for tickets aboard a Pan American Clipper to fly to the U.S. in March 1942. Upon arrival in Washington, D.C., Juliana entered the
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Medal and a reduction-in-force notice that the Military Intelligence Directorate no longer required her services. However, in that same month, the Army Security Agency hired her for employment at Arlington Hall Station. Juliana also used her later years to take an active part
Juliana also used her later years to take an active part through the Republican National Committee's policy. She reception in 1975 when President Bill Baroody
used her later years to take an active part through the Republican National Committee's policy. She told with glee of the White House when she told Special Assistant to the Baroody that he had engaged in deceit by
(piroshki) but contained nothing but bread. Mr. Baroody solemnly promised that this oversight would be corrected. The incident was reported in the Russian NOVOYE RUSSKOYE SLOVO but Bill Baroody was incorrectly identified as the "Maitre De... . . From her parish
from her parish at St. John's comes the title that would have most aptly fitted Juliana's performance throughout her life. In describing her to the Russian-American Regiment officer who Juliana was the Glavnokomanduyushchaya (Commander-in-Chief). The phrase accomplishing those duties given to her by her adopted Courage and selflessness
given to her by her adopted country and religion. . . . . . . . ............. ............ ... ............. . ................. .. . ................ ........... .......... ............. .............. ......... ..... ............... .. . . ............. ....... ......... ............. ........... ........... .. ........ .................... ......... .................. ........ .................. ........ ........... .................... ......... .......... .......... .................. ......... .......... ........................ ......... .......................... .................. ..... ..... ........... ........................ .......... ............... ....... ........ .......... .................. ........ .......... ........... ............. ....... .......... .......... .................. ........................ .......... ........ .......... ................... ...... .............. .......... .......... .................. ............................... ............ 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---------- ---------- ---------- French and Italian. As such, she did not know Russian. He, however, understood that Fia spoke only these languages and so addressed not one word to her all afternoon, to her great puzzlement and chagrin." Pat adds: " Juliana was
street. · Pat adds: " Juliana was
on one occasion' she had invited Russian-speaking friends and us to meet a clergyman who was, I think, the
relates his memories of her, beginning with"
"Seated across from me was an erect and stately lady who always wore black and white and who spoke good English with just a trace of something foreign.
"Since I was assigned the same problem as she, Miss Mickwitz undertook the formidable task of teaching me Russian and something about what I was supposed to be doing. Since I had studied Russian for about three months, she started from where I was and taught me nursery rhymes and fables. She often spoke in Russian and, at that time at least, only Charlie Connelly understood much of what she said.
I understood much of what she said. . "She must have been about 62 at the time, and to a kid of 25 that is a very old woman. But I noticed that she had more energy than most of us, that she bounced about the office as if she ran it, that she was very positive about everything and that she had a sense of humor. She had her own names for fellows. One fellow named Muril Y was "Muravlej" (ant), I understand, and I was called "Bolsjoi Ivan" and introduced in sorts of company as such. Notes on Christmas cards were started: Dear B. J.
"She always drank tea, hot tea, even in the hottest part of summer, and she complained often that the snack bar did not understand that tea should be made with boiling water, not boiled water. She liked to eat an orange in the middle of the afternoon and the sharp smell of it went all over the wing. "She had one trait which, in my experience, is common
"She had one trait which, in my experience, is common to all people from old Russia: She was generous to a fault. It was scarce after eleven and often ended around two. It was impossible not to come away stuffed. · · · · · · , ...
with those who said that Soviet tyranny was just an extension of that which existed under the Tsars. For reasons I never completely understood, she disliked Kerensky as much as she did Stalin. She often said that the average American's view of Old Russia was a picture of an unlettered peasant idly drinking vodka from a samovar. "I will remember her as I last saw her at the big party
(b)(3)-P. i 86-36
* * *
made the work fun as well as challenging .... .'.As. a aspiring linguist seeking to master the responsibilities of a difficult job, we all knew there was so much to be learned: especially the Russian language. And Miss Mickwitz did everything in her power to help us. At times she would gather us in a semi-circle in front of her desk with her English manuscripts spread out before us and read Tolstoy or Dostoevsky. We not only learned about Russian literature but also received instruction in grammar and the structure of the language. Can you imagine a supervisor taking his workforce for a study period during lunch time? Somehow I believe we are all the better for it.
"Above all, Miss Mickwitz was an American patriot.
I reminisces: "Although she was talented and charming, her biggest asset was her ability to engender a spirit of intense enthusiasm for the new project we were assigned to. She made the work fun as well as challenging .... .'.As. linguist seeking to
three hours she was still standing (I had never seen her sit during the evening), still laughing, still speaking Russian and English, one as easily as the other. And there was a long table spread with very rich food, all the things she liked: fish and meats handsomely done, heavy creamy desserts, and, yes, caviar. This kind of setting was, I think, the one she liked best: lots of food and drink and lots of friends." . I reminisces:
I reminisces: "Although she was talented
are all the better for it. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Above all', Miss Mickwitz. was an American patriot. She retained undivided loyalty to her mother country through her religion and her friendships, but she became a zealous citizen of her new country."
In November of 1975, Miss Mickwitz suffered a small stroke which initiated a series of tragedies culminating in aphasia. She described the instant of the first stroke as a vision in which all the words flew out of her brain as like the patterns created by a magnet. The gradually increasing aphasia troubled her greatly in her last months of life, but to the end she sought to recover the lost word and places. When in June it was no longer possible for her to live alone, she was taken to the Sacred Heart Home in Hyattsville, Maryland, where she passed away on August 21st. ".... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
There you have it, a few words about a portion of a life filled with hardship, struggle, and dedicated labor, yet leaving plenty for compassion and admiration. To discuss with the late Sv. Y. Mikhaeliants was truly remarkable. Mikvitz was definitely one of these.
// SOURCE: https://www.nsa.gov/news-features/declassified-documents/cryptologic-spectrum/assets/files/i_remember.pdf